Everything about Middle Egyptian totally explained
Middle Egyptian is the typical form of the
Egyptian spoken from
2000 BC to
1300 BC (after
Old Egyptian and before
Late Egyptian).
Although evolving into Late Egyptian from the 14th century, Middle Egyptian remained in use as literary
standard language until the 4th century AD. As such, it's the classical variant of Egyptian that historically attracted most attention from
Egyptology.
Progress in the understanding of Middle Egyptian is due to
Adolf Erman and his "Berlin school". Erman also published the first Middle Egyptian grammar in 1894, surpassed in 1927 by
Alan H. Gardiner's monumental work.
From the mid 20th century, Egyptologists considered their understanding of Middle Egyptian to be essentially complete, and began focussing on Old Egyptian, but debate on Middle Egyptian grammar was revived by
Hans Jakob Polotsky and his "standard theory" from 1944.
Literature
- A. H. Gardiner: Egyptian Grammar, Oxford, 1927, 3rd ed. 1957.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Middle Egyptian'.
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